Sara Nawaz is the Director of Research at American University’s Institute for Carbon Removal Law and Policy. She is an environmental social scientist who works on the social dimensions of carbon removal. She studies how carbon removal technologies and policies might be designed in just, equitable, and responsible ways, including how to involve societal groups (e.g., local groups, Indigenous communities, experts, and the public) in these processes. She will describe what should happen BEFORE communities agree to benefits since these agreements happen at the end of other processes like engagement and negotiation.